处理 Treatment | 牦牛数量 Number of yak/head | 藏羊数量 Number of sheep/head | 小区面积 Area of plot/hm2 |
禁牧(NG) No grazing | 0 | 0 | 0.05 |
牦牛放牧(YG) Yak grazing | 1 | 0 | 0.26 |
藏羊放牧(SG) Tibetan sheep grazing | 0 | 2 | 0.17 |

Citation: FENG B, DONG Q M, LIU W T, SUN C C, LIU Y Z, LI C D, WEI L N, SHI G, ZHANG X F, YANG X X. Response mechanisms of traits to grazing of yaks and Tibetan sheep. Pratacultural Science, 2022, 39(6): 1-11 doi:

矮生嵩草性状对牦牛和藏羊放牧的响应机制
English
Response mechanisms of Kobresia humilis traits to grazing of yaks and Tibetan sheep
-
-
-
[1]
任继周. 放牧, 草原生态系统存在的基本方式: 兼论放牧的转型[J]. 自然资源学报自然资源学报, 2012, 27(8): 1259-1275. doi:
REN J Z. Grazing, the basic form of grassland ecosystem and its transformation[J]. Journal of Natural ResourcesJournal of Natural Resources, 2012, 27(8): 1259-1275. doi: -
[2]
王德利, 王岭. 放牧生态学与草地管理的相关概念: Ⅰ. 偏食性[J]. 草地学报草地学报, 2014, 22(3): 433-438.
WANG D L, WANG L. Notes on the concept of preference in grazing ecology and grassland management[J]. Acta Agrestia SinicaActa Agrestia Sinica, 2014, 22(3): 433-438. -
[3]
王岭, 王德利. 放牧家畜食性选择机制研究进展[J]. 应用生态学报应用生态学报, 2007, 18(1): 205-211. doi:
WANG L, WANG D L. Research advances in diet selection mechanisms of grazing herbivores[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied EcologyChinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2007, 18(1): 205-211. doi: -
[4]
李婷婷, 周立山, 刘丙万. 草食动物与植物之间协同进化研究[J]. 野生动物野生动物, 2010, 31(3): 157-160.
LI T T, ZHOU L S, LIU B W. Review on researches of co-evolution between herbivores and plants[J]. Chinese Journal of WildlifeChinese Journal of Wildlife, 2010, 31(3): 157-160. -
[5]
张艳芬, 杨晓霞, 董全民, 张春平, 俞旸, 杨增增, 冯斌, 褚晖, 魏琳娜, 张小芳. 牦牛和藏羊混合放牧对放牧家畜采食量和植物补偿性生长的影响[J]. 草地学报草地学报, 2019, 27(6): 1607-1614.
ZHANG Y F, YANG X X, DONG Q M, ZHANG C P, YU Y, YANG Z Z, FENG B, CHU H, WEI L N, ZHANG X F. Effects of mixed grazing of yak and Tibetan sheep on feed intake of grazing livestock and plant compensation growth[J]. Acta Agrestia SinicaActa Agrestia Sinica, 2019, 27(6): 1607-1614. -
[6]
杜子银, 蔡延江, 王小丹, 张斌. 放牧牦牛行为及其对高寒草地土壤特性的影响研究进展[J]. 草业学报草业学报, 2019, 28(7): 186-197. doi:
DU Z Y, CAI Y J, WANG X D, ZHANG B. Research progress on yak grazing behavior and its influence on the soil properties of alpine grassland[J]. Acta Prataculturae SinicaActa Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(7): 186-197. doi: -
[7]
何芸雨, 郭水良, 王喆. 植物功能性状权衡关系的研究进展[J]. 植物生态学报植物生态学报, 2019, 43(12): 1021-1035. doi:
HE Y Y, GUO S L, WANG Z. Research progress of trade-off relationships of plant functional traits[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant EcologyChinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2019, 43(12): 1021-1035. doi: -
[8]
BAI Y F, WU J G, PAN Q M, HUANG J H, WANG Q B, LI F S, BUYANTUYEV A, HAN X G. Positive linear relationship between productivity and diversity: evidence from the Eurasian Steppe[J]. Journal of Applied EcologyJournal of Applied Ecology, 2007, 44(5): 1023-1034. doi:
-
[9]
蒯晓妍, 邢鹏飞, 张晓琳, 梁艳, 王常慧, 董宽虎. 短期放牧强度对半干旱草地植物群落多样性和生产力的影响[J]. 草地学报草地学报, 2018, 26(6): 1283-1289.
KUAI X Y, XING P F, ZHANG X L, LIANG Y, WANG C H, DONG K H. Effects of short-term grazing intensity on plant community diversity and productivity in semi-arid grassland[J]. Acta Agrestia SinicaActa Agrestia Sinica, 2018, 26(6): 1283-1289. -
[10]
王炜, 梁存柱, 刘钟龄, 郝敦元. 草原群落退化与恢复演替中的植物个体行为分析[J]. 植物生态学报植物生态学报, 2000, 24(3): 268-274. doi:
WANG W, LIANG C Z, LIU Z L, HAO D Y. Analysis of the plant individual behaviour during the degradation and restoring succession in steppe community[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant EcologyChinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2000, 24(3): 268-274. doi: -
[11]
AN H, LI G Q. Differential effects of grazing on plant functional traits in the desert grassland[J]. Polish Journal of EcologyPolish Journal of Ecology, 2014, 62(2): 239-251. doi:
-
[12]
李西良, 刘志英, 侯向阳, 吴新宏, 王珍, 胡静, 武自念. 放牧对草原植物功能性状及其权衡关系的调控[J]. 植物学报植物学报, 2015, 50(2): 159-170. doi:
LI X L, LIU Z Y, HOU X Y, WU X H, WANG Z, HU J, WU Z N. Plant functional traits and their trade-offs in response to grazing: A review[J]. Chinese Bulletin of BotanyChinese Bulletin of Botany, 2015, 50(2): 159-170. doi: -
[13]
DÍAZ S, LAVOREL S, BELLO F D, QUÉTIER F, GRIGULIS K, ROBSON T M. Incorporating plant functional diversity effects in ecosystem service assess-ments[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United State of AmericaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United State of America, 2007, 104(52): 20684-20689. doi:
-
[14]
安慧. 放牧干扰对荒漠草原植物叶性状及其相互关系的影响[J]. 应用生态学报应用生态学报, 2012, 23(11): 2991-2996.
AN H. Effects of grazing disturbance on leaf traits and their interrelationships of plants in desert steppe[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied EcologyChinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2012, 23(11): 2991-2996. -
[15]
王玮, 邬建国, 韩兴国. 内蒙古典型草原土壤固碳潜力及其不确定性的估算[J]. 应用生态学报应用生态学报, 2012, 23(1): 29-37.
WANG W, WU J G, HAN X G. Estimation of soil carbon sequestration potential in typical steppe of Inner Mongolia and as-sociated uncertainty[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied EcologyChinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2012, 23(1): 29-37. -
[16]
李瑞新. 内蒙古草原群落多样性格局及其与生产力的关系: 基于物种与功能性状维度. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古大学博士学位论文, 2017.
LI R X. Plant diversity patterns and biodiversity-productivity relationships of steppe in Inner Mongolia: In view of species and functional trait. PhD Thesis. Huhhot: Inner Mongolia University, 2017. -
[17]
李江文, 韩国栋, 李治国, 王忠武, 康萨如拉, 任海燕, 于丰源. 无芒隐子草地上部分功能性状对长期放牧的变异性响应[J]. 草业科学草业科学, 2018, 12(5): 1179-1187.
LI J W, HAN G D, LI Z G, WANG Z W, Kangsarula, REN H Y, YU F Y. Variation of response in Cleistogenes songorica above-ground part functional traits to long-term grazing in a desert steppe[J]. Pratacultural SciencePratacultural Science, 2018, 12(5): 1179-1187. -
[18]
肖欣爽. 基于功能性状的亚高寒草甸坡向生境梯度群落构建过程研究. 兰州: 兰州大学硕士学位论文, 2016.
XIAO X S. Community assembly on the habitat gradient of slope aspects in sub-alpine meadow based on functional traits. Master Thesis. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University, 2016. -
[19]
张婷, 翁月, 姚凤娇, 史印涛, 崔国文, 胡国富. 放牧强度对草甸植物小叶章及土壤化学计量比的影响[J]. 草业学报草业学报, 2014, 23(2): 20-28. doi:
ZHANG T, WENG Y, YAO F J, SHI Y T, CUI G W, HU G F. Effect of grazing intensity on ecological stoichiometry of Deyeuxia angustifolia and meadow soil[J]. Acta Prataculturae SinicaActa Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(2): 20-28. doi: -
[20]
银晓瑞, 梁存柱, 王立新, 王炜, 刘钟龄, 刘小平. 内蒙古典型草原不同恢复演替阶段植物养分化学计量学[J]. 植物生态学报植物生态学报, 2010, 34(1): 39-47. doi:
YIN X R, LIANG C Z, WANG L X, WANG W, LIU Z L, LIU X P. Ecological stoichiometry of plant nutrients at different restoration succession stages in typical steppe of Inner Mongolia, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant EcologyChinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2010, 34(1): 39-47. doi: -
[21]
张璐, 白天晓, 郝匕台, 邢小青, 郭之伟, 宝音陶格涛. 季节性放牧对羊草功能性状的影响[J]. 中国草地学报中国草地学报, 2017, 39(5): 96-101.
ZHANG L, BAI T X, HAO B T, XING X Q, GUO Z W, Baoyintaogetao. Effect of seasonal grazing on plant functional traits of Leymus chinensis[J]. Chinese Journal of GrasslandChinese Journal of Grassland, 2017, 39(5): 96-101. -
[22]
邢小青, 郝匕台, 齐丽雪, 张璐, 宝音陶格涛. 放牧对克氏针茅功能性状的影响[J]. 生态环境学报生态环境学报, 2019, 28(1): 57-64.
XING X Q, HAO B T, QI L X, ZHANG L, Baoyintaogetao. Effect of grazing on functional traits of Stipa krylovii[J]. Ecology and Environmental SciencesEcology and Environmental Sciences, 2019, 28(1): 57-64. -
[23]
ROOK A J, DUMONT B, ISSELSTEIN J, OSORO K, WALLISDEVRIES M F, PARENTE G, MILLS J. Matching type of livestock to desired biodiversity outcomes in pastures: A review[J]. Biological ConservationBiological Conservation, 2004, 119(2): 137-150. doi:
-
[24]
董全民, 丁路明, 杨晓霞, 尚占环, 施建军, 张春平, 俞旸, 景小平. 高山嵩草草甸: 牦牛放牧生态系统研究. 北京: 科学出版社, 2020.
DONG Q M, DING L M, YANG X X, SHANG Z H, SHI J J, ZHANG C P, YU Y, JING X P. Study on grazing ecosystem of yak in alpine kobresia meadow. Beijing: Science Press, 2020. -
[25]
MARTÍNEZ M L, VÁZQUEZ G, COLÓN S S. Spatial and temporal variability during primary succession on tropical coastal sand dunes[J]. Journal of Vegetation ScienceJournal of Vegetation Science, 2001, 12(3): 361-372. doi:
-
[26]
YANG X X, DONG Q M, CHU H, DING C X, YU Y, ZHANG C P, ZHANG Y F, YANG Z Z. Different responses of soil element contents and their stoichiometry (C ꞉ N ꞉ P) to yak grazing and Tibetan sheep grazing in an alpine grassland on the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems & EnvironmentAgriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2019, 285(8): 106628-.
-
[27]
冯斌, 杨晓霞, 董全民, 张春平, 刘文亭, 俞旸, 张小芳, 孙彩彩, 时光, 杨增增, 张艳芬. 高寒草地主要物种对放牧方式的响应[J]. 草业科学草业科学, 2021, 38(3): 531-543. doi:
FENG B, YANG X X, DONG Q M, ZHANG C P, LIU W T, YU Y, ZHANG X F, SUN C C, SHI G, YANG Z Z, ZHANG Y F. Response of major species to grazing mode in an alpine grassland[J]. Pratacultural SciencePratacultural Science, 2021, 38(3): 531-543. doi: -
[28]
崔占鸿, 刘书杰, 柴沙驼, 赵月萍, 张晓卫. 三江源区高寒草甸草场放牧牦牛采食量的测定[J]. 中国草食动物中国草食动物, 2007, (6): 20-22.
CUI Z H, LIU S J, CHAI S T, ZHAO Y P, ZHANG X W. The determination of feed intake for yak grazing on alpine meadow in the region of the source of Yangtze, Yellow and Lantsang Rivers[J]. China Herbivore ScienceChina Herbivore Science, 2007, (6): 20-22. -
[29]
焦婷, 吴铁成, 吴建平, 赵生国, 雷赵民, 梁建勇, 冉福, 九麦扎西, 刘振恒. 不同类型藏羊消化率与采食量的比较研究[J]. 草业学报草业学报, 2019, 28(5): 100-108. doi:
JIAO T, WU T C, WU J P, ZHAO S G, LEI Z M, LIANG J Y, RAN F, Jiumaizhaxi, LIU Z H. A comparative study on digestibility and feed intake of Tibetan sheep of different types[J]. Acta Prataculturae SinicActa Prataculturae Sinic, 2019, 28(5): 100-108. doi: -
[30]
王雪晴, 阮文渊, 易可可. 植物体内磷素状况测定方法的研究进展[J]. 植物生理学报植物生理学报, 2016, 52(9): 1327-1332.
WANG X Q, RUAN W Y, YI K K. The advances of P status determination in plants[J]. Plant Physiology CommunicationsPlant Physiology Communications, 2016, 52(9): 1327-1332. -
[31]
WRIGHT I J, REICH P B, WESTOBY M, ACKERLY D D, BARUCH Z, BONGERS F, CAVENDER-BARES J, CHAPIN T, CORNELISSEN J H C, DIEMER M, FLEXAS J, GARNIER E, GROOM P K, GULIAS J, HIKOSAKA K, LAMONT B, LEE T, LEE W, LUSK C, MIDGLEY J J, NAVAS M L, NIINEMETS U, OLEKSYN J, OSADA N, POORTER H, POOT P, PRIOR L, PYANKOV V I, ROUMET C, THOMAS S C, TJOELKER M G, VENEKLAAS E J, VILLAR R. The worldwide leaf economics spectrum[J]. NatureNature, 2004, 428(6985): 821-827. doi:
-
[32]
刘钟龄, 王炜, 郝敦元, 梁存柱. 内蒙古草地退化与恢复演替机理的探讨[J]. 干旱区资源与环境干旱区资源与环境, 2002, 16(1): 84-91. doi:
LIU Z L, WANG W, HAO D Y, LIANG C Z. Probes on the degeneration and recovery succession mechanisms of Inner Mongolia steppe[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and EnvironmentJournal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2002, 16(1): 84-91. doi: -
[33]
CORNER E J H. The durian theory or the origin of the modern tree[J]. Annals of BotanyAnnals of Botany, 1949, 13(52): 367-414.
-
[34]
KNAPP A K, SMITH M D. Variation among biomes in temporal dynamics of aboveground primary production[J]. ScienceScience, 2001, 291(): 481-484. doi:
-
[35]
韩建国, 毛培胜, 董宽虎, 谢应忠, 安沙舟, 干友民, 崔国文, 李希来, 韩国栋, 张英俊, 李志强, 何长芳. 草地学. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2008.
HAN J G, MAO P S, DONG K H, XIE Y Z, AN S Z, GAN Y M, CUI G W, LI X L, HAN G D, ZHANG Y J, LI Z Q, HE C F. Grassland Science. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2008.
-
[1]
-
凯时66
图 2 中度放牧下不同家畜放牧对矮生嵩草整株性状的影响
Figure 2. Effects of moderate grazing by different livestock on whole plant traits of Kobresia humilis
NG:禁牧;YG:牦牛放牧;SG:藏羊放牧。不同小写字母代表不同处理之间差异显著(P < 0.05);下同。
NG: no grazing; YG: yak grazing; SG: Tibetan sheep grazing. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between the different treatments at the 0.05 level; this is applicable for the following figures and tables as well.
图 3 中度放牧下放牧家畜类型对矮生嵩草叶性状的影响
Figure 3. Effects of grazing livestock types on leaf traits of Kobresia humilis under moderate grazing
图 4 矮生嵩草不同性状变异系数比较
Figure 4. Comparison of coefficients of variation of Kobresia humilis traits
LCC:叶片碳含量;LCHC:叶绿素含量;LPC:叶片磷含量;LNC:叶片氮含量;LDMC:叶干物质含量;PH:株高;SLA:比叶面积;SLW:比叶重;LT:叶片厚度;IW:单株重;下图同。
LCC: leaf carbon content; LCHC: leaf chlorophyll content; LPC: leaf phosphorus content; LNC: leaf nitrogen content; LDMC: leaf dry matter content; PH: plant height; SLA: specific leaf area; SLW: specific leaf weight; LT: Leaf thickness; IW: individual weight; this is applicable for the following figures as well.
图 6 牦牛、藏羊放牧矮生嵩草各性状之间的相关分析
Figure 6. Correlation analysis between different traits of Kobresia humilis on yak grazing and Tibetan sheep grazing
**,*表示分别在0.01、0.05 水平上相关性显著;下同。
**, * indicate significant correlation at the 0.01 and 0.05 levels, respectively; this is applicable for the following figures as well.
表 1 放牧试验设计
Table 1. Experimental design of grazing
下载: 导出CSV
-